估计COVID-19对全球化活跃制药成分市场的影响
Melissa Barber1, Reshma Ramachandran2, Suerie Moon3
1Melissa Barber (melissa.barber@yale.edu), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Health affairs (Project Hope)
|July 1, 2024
概括
由于COVID-19大流行,印度的活性药物成分 (API) 出口量大幅减少. 非COVID-19基本药物的价格保持稳定,而重定向药物的价格升,凸显了供应链的脆弱性.
科学领域:
- 制药经济学 制药经济学
- 全球卫生安全 全球卫生安全
- 供应链管理 供应链管理
背景情况:
- 全球活性药物成分 (API) 供应链高度集中,在公共卫生危机期间构成风险.
- 缺乏系统监测和全球协调,阻碍了有效的风险管理和公平的药物获取.
- COVID-19 流行病暴露了制药供应链中的关键漏洞.
研究的目的:
- 分析COVID-19大流行对印度API价格和出口量的影响.
- 评估对基本药物的差异性影响与针对COVID-19的猜测性重用药物的差异性影响.
主要方法:
- 在从印度的货物级别海关数据上使用了准实验方法.
- 在世界卫生组织宣布流行病之前和之后,比较API价格和出口量.
- 对必需药物的API和用于投机性COVID-19重新用途的API之间的差异化分析.
主要成果:
- 印度的API出口量在疫情宣布后下降了80%.
- 与COVID-19无关的基本药品的价格没有显著变化.
- 投机性地重新定制的药物价格,如氧化和甲胺,上了高达250%,甲胺也经历了体积下降.
结论:
- 该研究强调了全球API供应链的脆弱性,以及在卫生紧急情况期间价格投机的潜力.
- 建议包括系统的API市场监测,投资供应多样化,以及政策改革以防止价格操纵.
- 提高供应链的弹性对于确保全球持续获得必需药物的安全至关重要.
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