生物肢体的持续神经控制可以在截肢后恢复仿生步态
Hyungeun Song1,2, Tsung-Han Hsieh1,3, Seong Ho Yeon1,3
1K. Lisa Yang Center for Bionics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nature medicine
|July 1, 2024
概括
在腿部截肢患者中增加剩余肌肉 afferents 通过生物肢体接口显著改善行走速度和适应能力. 这一突破通过持续的神经控制恢复了仿生步态,增强了截肢者的移动性.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 神经修复品是一种神经修复品.
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
背景情况:
- 在肢体截肢后恢复自然步态仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 生物运动涉及复杂的神经控制,很难用当前的假肢复制.
- 现有的生物四肢往往缺乏生物四肢的感官反和适应性控制.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否增强残余肌肉 afferents 可以恢复生物模拟步行在膝下截肢的人.
- 测试一种新的神经假肢接口,用于对生物肢体的持续神经控制.
- 评估 afferent增强对步行速度和适应能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种神经假肢接口,与手术连接的激动体-对抗体肌肉和感应电极.
- 在7名腿截肢者身上增强了残留肌肉 afferents.
- 与没有 afferent增强的截肢者的对照组进行了步行表现的比较.
主要成果:
- 接口增加了18%的生物完整值的剩余肌肉 afferents.
- 与对照组相比,最大步行速度增加了41%.
- 达到相当于没有截肢的个体的最高步行速度.
- 证明生物模拟适应不同速度和环境 (斜坡,楼梯,障碍物).
结论:
- 增加剩余的肌肉 afferents 是一个可行的策略,以恢复生物模拟步行.
- 通过神经假肢接口的持续神经控制可以显著改善假肢功能.
- 即使是微小的 afferent 增强也可以导致截肢者的移动性和适应能力大幅度改善.
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