在非洲多个城市的低成本每小时环境黑碳测量
Abhishek Anand1,2, N'Datchoh Evelyne Touré3, Julien Bahino3
1Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|July 2, 2024
概括
一种新的低成本方法使用现有的空气质量监测器量化细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 中的黑碳 (BC). 该技术为撒哈拉以南非洲地区提供关键的每小时BC数据,有助于确定排放源和制定政策.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 空气质量监测 空气质量监测
背景情况:
- 全球南方的空气污染物持续监测受到监管设备的高成本的限制.
- 测量细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 的化学成分对于了解空气质量和健康影响至关重要.
- 黑碳 (BC) 是PM2.5的重要组成部分,有助于气候变化和呼吸系统疾病.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种经验证,低成本的方法来估计每小时环境黑碳 (BC) 度.
- 为撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 和北美多个城市提供每小时的BC数据.
- 评估哥达德地球观测系统组成预测 (GEOS-CF) 模型用于BC预测的性能.
主要方法:
- 利用先前开发的低成本方法,分析玻璃纤维过器上的颗粒沉积物反射的红光.
- 估计每小时的BC度使用从β衰减监测器 (BAMs) 的过带.
- 与埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的一个参考气体计相比,验证了BC测量结果 (R2 = 0.95).
主要成果:
- 每小时的BC度报告为阿比贾,阿克拉,亚的斯亚贝巴和匹兹堡.
- 平均BC度有显著的变化,与匹兹堡 (0.52μg/m3) 相比,SSA城市的水平更高 (3.859.14μg/m3).
- 在南沙地区,BC构成了PM2.5质量的较大部分 (1420%),而不是匹兹堡 (5.6%).
- 每小时的BC数据显示了白天模式,在高峰时段达到峰值.
- GEOS-CF模型显示了良好的PM2.5预测,但在每小时的BC分辨率方面遇到了困难.
结论:
- 低成本的BC量化方法是有效和验证的,为数据稀缺地区的空气质量监测提供了可扩展的解决方案.
- 来自SSA城市的每小时的BC数据突出显示了对PM2.5的重大贡献和明显的日间模式.
- 调查结果强调需要改进化学品运输模式,并建议利用现有的BAM网络来加强空气质量评估和SSA的政策制定.
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