超越CREA:在一个高度全米的鼠类动物群中,非全米形状变化和分歧的进化模式
Ariel E Marcy1, D Rex Mitchell2, Thomas Guillerme3
1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Science Connect Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia.
Ecology and evolution
|July 2, 2024
概括
澳大利亚动物的面进化全度测量 (CREA) 显示,饮食会影响形状. 与CREA的偏差突出了饮食变化如何影响骨生物力学和进化.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物头骨形状的进化受共同功能的影响,导致像面进化全度测量 (CREA) 这样的共同模式.
- 具有比例较长的面部骨架和较小的大脑的较大物种的特征是CREA,假设它源于类似饮食下的生物机械缩放效应.
- 当头骨生物力学发生变化时,例如由于饮食变化,预计会偏离CREA.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究饮食专业化对澳大利亚动物的面进化计量 (CREA) 的影响.
- 分析头骨形状的全度和非全度变化及其与饮食和生物力学之间的关系.
- 为了比较进化模式,度,整合和功能模块中的模块性,考虑大小和没有大小.
主要方法:
- 在澳大利亚小鼠头脑的数据集上使用3D几何形态分析.
- 通过检查进化模式,全度量,排序,集成和模块化来对比全度和非全度变化.
- 分析了头骨内部的功能模块,专注于前台和头骨顶.
主要成果:
- 发现了稳定选择的证据,无论是含有异构的还是无尺寸的头骨形状.
- 确定了与饮食专业化相关的实质性非全度形状变化,与CREA平行发生.
- 当包括大小时,观察到模块之间的更高的整合和更低的模块化;当删除大小时,前台和顶之间的整合显著减少.
结论:
- 支持了CREA是由功能选择导致的复合模式的假设.
- 证明了与CREA一起发生了显著的非全度形状变化,这是由影响食功能的饮食专业化驱动的.
- 强调在哺乳动物头骨进化研究中考虑全度和非全度选择对生物力学功能的重要性.
相关概念视频
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
42.7K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
42.7K
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.2K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.2K
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.7K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.7K
01:23Phylogeny
43.8K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
43.8K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
02:16Genetics of Speciation
19.2K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
19.2K