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有证据表明5个未被翻译的地区的翻译是广泛的

Jose Manuel Rodriguez^1,2, Federico Abascal³, Daniel Cerdán-Vélez⁴

¹Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Nucleic acids research

|July 2, 2024

概括

研究人员发现了人类基因组中192个翻译上游区域的证据,可能产生新的蛋白质异型. 这些新型区域中的许多都表现出暗示非功能翻译的特征,特别是在癌细胞中.

科学领域:

基因组学就是基因组学.
蛋白质组学是指蛋白质组学.
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

核糖体分析和大规模的蛋白质组学实验揭示了对蛋白质翻译的洞察力.
大多数已识别的都来自5'未翻译区域.
新的开放阅读框架 (ORF) 和翻译的上游区域正在越来越多地被发现.

研究的目的:

研究人类基因组中翻译上游区域的流行率和特征.
确定这些新型翻译区域的功能影响和进化保护.
探索异常翻译启动在癌症中的作用.

主要方法:

利用核糖体分析数据来识别翻译的开放阅读框架.
分析了已识别的上游区域的基因组特征,包括GC含量和开始密码的使用.
评估了跨物种的保护,并证明了对非保护地区的净化选择.
对未保存的上游区域的癌症细胞系中检查的丰度.

主要成果:

确定了192个翻译上游区域,主要生产N-终端扩展蛋白质异型.
这些地区的GC含量很高,大多数地区使用非正规的起始密码.
这些地区的三分之二缺乏超越猿类的保护,并且没有显示净化选择的迹象.
非保存的上游区域在癌症细胞系中显示出明显更高的质计数.

结论:

存在大量的新型翻译上游区域,有助于蛋白质单体形式的多样性.
许多这些新的翻译可能是非功能性的,表明缺乏保存和选择.
异常或杂的翻译启动可能与癌症中观察到的上游区域的翻译增加有关.

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