印度东北部12-23个月儿童的基本接种疫苗:趋势,模式和影响低覆盖率的因素
Avijit Mistri1, Soilalsiem Gangte2
1Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, India.
Indian journal of public health
|July 2, 2024
概括
印度儿童免疫覆盖率
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 自1985年以来,印度在儿童免疫方面取得了重大进展.
- 然而,疫苗接种覆盖率在各州之间存在很大差异,东北地区 (NE) 落后于全国平均水平.
- 东北地区面临的挑战是覆盖率低 (68.4%),放学率高 (25%) 和未接种疫苗 (7.0%).
研究的目的:
- 分析印度儿童免疫覆盖率,重点关注东北地区.
- 确定影响东北各州疫苗接种状况的关键决定因素.
- 突出针对弱势群体的有针对性的干预措施的需要.
主要方法:
- 对12-23个月龄段儿童的儿童免疫覆盖率数据的分析.
- 对1992-93年至2019-2021年东北地区的趋势的检查.
- 确定包括母亲特征和社会经济因素在内的预测性决定因素.
主要成果:
- 印度东北各州的儿童免疫率从22.8%提高到68.4%,但仍低于全国平均水平的77%.
- 母亲因素,如产前护理,分娩地点,教育和媒体曝光,是疫苗接种状况的重要预测因素.
- 东北各州的落后山区部落需要特别关注,以改善疫苗接种.
结论:
- 尽管取得了进展,但印度东北地区的儿童免疫覆盖率仍不够理想,需要有针对性的战略.
- 孕产妇的特征在决定疫苗接种结果方面起着至关重要的作用.
- 有针对性的干预措施对于改善东北各州弱势部落人口免疫率至关重要.
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