相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 22, 2025
06:48
Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
Published on: July 29, 2020
4.5K
两个早期育儿计划对巴西儿童侵略和暴力风险的影响:一项随机对照试验
Joseph Murray1,2, Rafaela Costa Martins3,4, Melanie Greenland5
1Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. j.murray@doveresearch.org.
概括
巴西的两项育儿计划显示,对儿童侵略的影响很小. 虽然一个项目暂时改善了育儿实践,但这两项干预措施都没有有效地减少在资源较低的环境中暴力风险因素.
科学领域:
- 全球公共卫生 全球公共卫生
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 干预科学 干预科学
背景情况:
- 暴力是一个重要的全球公共卫生问题,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 高收入国家的育儿计划可以通过减少侵略性和严厉的育儿来减轻暴力风险,并增强认知发展.
- 迫切需要低成本,可复制的适合LMIC环境的育儿干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估两个低成本,以小组为基础的育儿计划 (ACT:养育安全的孩子和DBS:对话式书籍共享) 在减少LMICs儿童攻击和其他暴力风险因素方面的有效性.
- 评估这些计划对儿童发育,育儿实践,虐待和压力水平的影响.
- 确定这些干预措施在现实世界LMIC环境中的可行性和可复制性.
主要方法:
- 一个三臂,随机,单盲试验,涉及369名儿童 (平均年龄3.1岁),在巴西南部的贫困家庭中具有中高水平的侵略性.
- 干预措施包括ACT (抚养安全的孩子) 和DBS (对话式书籍共享),与对照组相比较.
- 通过母亲报告,拍摄观察,儿童任务和发皮质醇在基线,1个月和8个月的随访收集的数据.
主要成果:
- 无论是ACT还是DBS都没有显示出对儿童侵略的主要结果有显著影响.
- 在干预后立即,ACT显示了强硬的家长行为暂时减少,但这种效应在随访时没有持续.
- 在干预后和后续评估中,DBS改善了书籍共享实践,包括母亲的敏感性. 没有观察到对儿童发育或压力的其他显著益处.
结论:
- 巴西评估的育儿计划对育儿实践的影响有限,并没有减少儿童的侵略性或其他关键的暴力风险/保护因素.
- 开发有效的早期干预措施以减少LMIC环境中的暴力仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以确定和调整在各种LMIC环境中有效和可持续的干预措施.
更多相关视频
05:04A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
Published on: September 22, 2023
423
19:15Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
85.9K
相关概念视频
02:01Group Design
8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
01:27Parenting Styles
64
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
64
02:04Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
01:21Behavior Modification
137
Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
137
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
53
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
53
01:47Aggression
27.8K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
27.8K