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大豆的分子选择,使其适应中欧农业气候条件

Sandra Rychel-Bielska¹, Michał Książkiewicz², Danuta Kurasiak-Popowska³

¹Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland.

Journal of applied genetics

|July 2, 2024

概括

由于气候变化,欧洲大豆种植正在扩大. 这项研究使用了PCR阵列来识别关键基因,使大豆适应更短的生长季节,并增加中欧的产量.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
植物遗传学植物遗传学
适应气候变化适应气候变化

背景情况:

欧洲严重依赖大豆粉进口,推动了对增加国内植物蛋白生产的需求.
气候变化正在将植物性区向北移动,创造了种植以前不适合的作物,如大豆的机会.
为了使大豆适应新的欧洲气候,需要选择适合较短的生长季节和较长的日光周期的生殖质.

研究的目的:

开发和应用PCR阵列,以有效地对大豆生殖质进行分子查.
评估遗传多样性并确定大豆适应中欧条件的关键基因.
为了提高产量,将遗传标记与重要的农学和现象学特征相关联.

主要方法:

一个PCR阵列被设计为针对与早期成熟 (E1-E10),破 (qPHD1) 和生长决定性 (Dt1) 相关的基因.
该阵列被优化为选204个加入的大豆多样性面板.
现象学,形态学和产量特征在波兰被调查了三年 (2018-2020年),并进行了PCR阵列基因定型.

主要成果:

对植物高度,千粒重量,成熟日期和第一高度 (0.84-0.88) 观察到高遗传性.
在种子产量和种子/植物,开花和成熟度等特征之间发现了显著的正相关性.
通过PCR基因定型检测,发现了98个等位基因组合,花期/成熟度和特定的早期成熟基因 (E1,E4,E7) 与植物高度与Dt1和E4.4之间有很强的相关性.

结论:

对于适应中欧的大豆的分子选择,PCR阵列非常适用.
衰退的qPHD1和主导的Dt1,E3和E4等位基因是将大豆与当地生长季节保持一致的关键目标.
这些等位基因的选择可以提高植物的性能,增加该地区的大豆产量.

关键词:

提前到期的提前到期期限第一个的高度.确定增长的决定因素标记器辅助的选择收益率收益率是指收益率.

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