饮食模式与老年人中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停全因死亡风险之间的关联
Wei Zhao1, Lu Gao2, Zhiyuan Wu3
1Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China. apple0512@163.com.
BMC geriatrics
|July 3, 2024
概括
坚持抗炎饮食,如替代地中海饮食评分 (aMED) 和健康饮食指数-2015 (HEI-2015) 与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 的老年人死亡风险降低有关. 这些富含蔬菜和橄油的饮食模式可能会改善OSA患者的结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
背景情况:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是心血管事件和全因死亡的重要危险因素.
- 抗炎饮食有望改善OSA的预后.
- 这项研究调查了OSA患者的抗炎饮食模式和死亡率之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 检查OSA诊断的老年人坚持抗炎饮食模式和全因死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了确定可能影响OSA人口中的死亡风险的特定饮食成分.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究,利用来自国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) (2005-2008) 的1522名患有OSA的老年人的数据.
- 通过国家死亡指数收集到截至2019年12月31日的死亡率数据.
- 分析采用加权的Cox比例危险回归模型来评估饮食模式 (aMED,HEI-2015,AHEI-2010) 和全因死亡率之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在平均131个月的随访期间,参与者中有604例死亡.
- 更高的选择性地中海饮食评分 (aMED) 和2015年健康饮食指数 (HEI-2015) 的遵守与所有原因死亡率降低的风险显著相关 (HR=0.61和HR=0.75,分别).
- 在2010年替代健康饮食指数 (AHEI-2010) 和全因死亡率之间没有发现显著的关联. 在aMED模式内增加蔬菜和橄油的摄入量显示出潜在的降低死亡率的效果.
结论:
- 对aMED和HEI-2015饮食模式的更高遵守与OSA的老年人所有原因死亡风险较低有关.
- 对于患有OSA的老年人,未来的干预措施应考虑采用抗炎饮食策略.
- 蔬菜和橄油等特定成分可能在减轻这一群体的死亡风险方面发挥关键作用.
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