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美国黑色素瘤死亡率的模式和趋势,1999-2020年
Alexander J Didier1, Swamroop V Nandwani2, Dean Watkins2
1The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, USA. adidier@rockets.utoledo.edu.
BMC cancer
|July 3, 2024
概括
自2013年以来,美国黑色素瘤死亡率有所下降,但差异仍然存在,特别是在农村地区. 有针对性的查和教育对于解决皮肤癌生存的这些持续挑战至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 黑色素瘤发病率上升,尽管治疗进展,但癌症死亡率仍是一个重大挑战.
- 了解黑色素瘤死亡率趋势对于解决健康差异和为干预提供信息至关重要.
- 皮肤癌仍然是一个关键的公共卫生问题,需要对其人口和区域变化的持续研究.
研究的目的:
- 分析1999年至2020年美国黑色素瘤死亡率的趋势.
- 为了确定黑色素瘤死亡率的人口和区域差异.
- 评估黑色素瘤死亡率随着时间的推移而发生的变化,并为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用CDC的WONDER数据库获取黑色素瘤死亡率数据 (1999-2020年).
- 按人口和区域变量分层数据,计算年龄调整后的死亡率.
- 使用Joinpoint回归分析来确定黑色素瘤死亡率的时间趋势.
主要成果:
- 总黑色素瘤死亡人数:184 416人 (1999-2020年).
- 年龄调整后的死亡率每年下降了-1.3%,从每10万人口中的2.7到2.0.
- 在男性,非西班牙裔白人和65岁以上的人群中观察到较高的死亡率. 农村人口的死亡率高于城市/郊区.
- 2013年以后非西班牙裔白人人群下降幅度最大 (每年下降6.1%).
结论:
- 自2013年以来,美国黑色素瘤死亡率显著降低,这可能是由于诊断 (例如皮肤镜) 和治疗 (例如免疫检查点抑制剂) 的改进.
- 黑色素瘤死亡率存在持续差异,特别影响农村人口.
- 建议采取有针对性的干预措施,包括加强查和公共教育,以进一步减少黑色素瘤死亡率并解决现有的差异.
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