在高级柔道的多行动计划模型中探索心理状态之间的特征和过渡
Bernadette Kellermann1, Dave Collins1,2, Alan MacPherson1
1Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
European journal of sport science
|July 3, 2024
概括
这项研究探讨了柔道的多行动计划 (MAP) 模型,发现运动员经历了不同的表现类型 (PT) 和它们之间的过渡. 柔道运动员通常使用可训练的策略,通过管理这些心理状态转变来优化表现.
科学领域:
- 运动心理学 运动心理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
- 战斗运动科学科学 战斗运动科学
背景情况:
- 多行动计划 (MAP) 模型根据努力和控制将人类绩效分为四种类型 (PT).
- 之前的MAP研究重点是自我节奏的活动,不检查PT之间的过渡.
- 了解动态,开放技能环境中的性能状态对于运动员的发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在柔道的超动态环境中研究MAP模型和性能类型的转换.
- 探索精英柔道运动员如何体验不同的表演类型以及它们之间的过渡过程.
- 确定通用的过渡路径,线索和可训练的策略,以优化柔道的表现.
主要方法:
- 使用追溯半结构面试进行的定性研究.
- 采访数据的解释性现象学分析 (IPA).
- 六名英国高级柔道运动员 (n=6) 参加了比赛.
主要成果:
- 柔道被认为是一个超动态的,不可预测的性能背景,由于对手的动态和战斗节奏.
- 参与者主要与表现类型2和3有关,报告了"在"这些状态之间的经验.
- 确定了常见的过渡途径 (例如,T2-T3),特定的线索和可训练的绩效优化策略.
结论:
- 马普模型适用于诸如柔道之类的动态战斗体育,超越了自我节奏的活动.
- 精英柔道运动员经历了特定的性能状态和过渡,其中T2和T3是最相关的.
- 存在可训练的策略来管理转换和优化柔道的表现,为教练和运动员训练提供实际应用.
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