在结核病患者中,基于ABC方法的戒烟干预措施的有效性
A Ohkado1, A Querri1, J Bermejo2
1Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis (RIT), Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose, Japan.
Public health action
|July 3, 2024
概括
在菲律宾,ABC方法有效地减少了结核病患者的吸烟和二手烟暴露. 干预组和对照组的结核病治疗成功率仍然很高.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 控制烟草的控制方式
- 结核病研究 结核病研究
背景情况:
- 烟草吸烟和二手烟 (SHS) 暴露是结核病 (TB) 发展和治疗结果差的重要危险因素.
- 有效的戒烟干预措施对于结核病患者来说至关重要,以提高治疗成功率并减少社区传播.
研究的目的:
- 评估联盟的ABC方法的有效性,作为在菲律宾城市环境中的结核病患者的初级医疗保健级戒烟干预措施.
- 评估干预措施对烟草吸烟情况,国内SHS状况和结核病治疗结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 在菲律宾马尼拉使用了准实验性设计,干预组接受了ABC方法,控制组接受了例行健康教育.
- 关于吸烟状态,国内SHS状态和结核病治疗结果的数据从2,174名结核病患者在多个时间点收集到12个月.
- 统计分析包括计算几率比率,以比较干预组和对照组之间的结果.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,干预组的烟草吸烟状态 (P < 0.001) 和国内SHS状态 (P < 0.01) 的几率明显较低.
- 干预组的吸烟率始终较低,在第6个月 (3.9%与8.7%) 有显著差异.
- 结核病治疗成功率在两组之间相似,干预组为85.0%,对照组为87.3% (P = 0.201).
结论:
- "ABC方法"是菲律宾初级卫生保健机构对结核病患者的有效戒烟干预措施.
- 该干预措施成功地减少了烟草吸烟,并保持了低的国内SHS率,而不会对结核病治疗的成功产生负面影响.
- 实施这些干预措施可以通过解决并发性风险因素,为全面的结核病控制策略做出贡献.
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