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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

340
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
340
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

93
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
93
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

33
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
33
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

79
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
79
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

54
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
54
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

319
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Quantitative Assessment of Cortical Auditory-tactile Processing in Children with Disabilities
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Quantitative Assessment of Cortical Auditory-tactile Processing in Children with Disabilities

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特定学习障碍儿童的听觉和认知处理能力之间的关系

Saransh Jain1, Siddharth Kothari2, Rohith V S3

  • 1Department of Prevention of Communication Disorders, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India.

American journal of audiology
|July 3, 2024
PubMed
概括

患有特定学习障碍 (SLD) 的儿童在听觉处理障碍 (APD) 和认知缺陷之间显示出强烈的联系. 针对这种听觉认知循环的干预措施可以提高SLD儿童的学习能力.

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学

背景情况:

  • 特定学习障碍 (SLD) 是一种影响阅读,写作或数学技能的神经发育状况,不能归因于智力或感官缺陷.
  • 听觉和认知处理方面的挑战在患有SLD的儿童中很常见,但它们之间的相互关系尚不清楚.
  • 了解这种联系对于有效的干预策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 研究SLD儿童的听觉处理障碍 (APD) 和认知处理之间的关系.
  • 为了确定APD是否会加剧患有SLD的儿童的认知缺陷.
  • 探索学习障碍对信息处理理论的影响.

主要方法:

  • 测试了1,259名儿童,包括77名SLD患者和30名典型发育 (TD) 对照.
  • 评估听觉处理 (歧视,模式感知,闭合,时间处理,双耳集成/分离) 和认知功能 (工作记忆,短期记忆,注意力).
  • 利用标准化测试和回归建模,将SLD儿童与没有APD与TD规范进行比较.

主要成果:

  • 在患有SLD的儿童中,听觉处理障碍 (APD) 和认知处理缺陷之间发现了强有力的正相关性.
  • 这种关联在SLD小组中特别明显,这些小组中的儿童也出现了APD.
  • 这些发现支持信息处理理论,表明听觉和认知缺陷之间存在复杂的相互作用.

结论:

  • 听觉和认知能力在SLD儿童的学习概况中起着至关重要的作用.
  • 在患有SLD的儿童中,听觉和认知缺陷之间存在复杂的循环.
  • 建议采取旨在破坏这种听觉认知循环的干预措施,以改善学习成果.