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相关概念视频

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.2K
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

35.7K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
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聚合物作为一个转折点,用于大规模的聚基甲酸盐应用.

Paolo Costa1, Marina Basaglia1, Sergio Casella1

  • 1Waste-to-Bioproducts Lab, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.

International journal of biological macromolecules
|July 3, 2024
PubMed
概括

聚化酸 (PHAs) kopolimers 为传统塑料提供了可持续的替代品. 优化PHA生产经济性取决于选择具有成本效益的微生物碳来源,特别是低成本的废物流.

关键词:
生物塑料是生物塑料.碳的来源 碳的来源微生物生物技术 微生物生物技术它们是PHA前体.废弃物 废弃物 废弃物

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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

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09:22

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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
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科学领域:

  • 生物技术是生物技术.
  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
  • 环境科学 环境科学

背景情况:

  • 传统的塑料由于其持久性和有限的可回收性而带来了环境挑战.
  • 聚酸酸 (PHAs) 是微生物产生的可生物降解生物聚合物,提供了一个可持续的替代品.
  • 与同聚合物相比,聚酸酸 (PHA) 共聚物表现出增强的特性,扩大了它们的应用.

研究的目的:

  • 审查目前关于聚酸 (PHA) 共聚合物生产的研究,重点关注前体的来源.
  • 根据经济价值对PHA共聚合物前体进行分类:结构相关,无关以及废物流.
  • 强调原料选择在PHA共聚合物生产的经济可行性中的关键作用.

主要方法:

  • 关于聚酸 (PHA) 共聚合物生产的最新出版物的文献综述.
  • 微生物代谢途径,工程菌株和生物过程策略的分析.
  • 根据其经济影响和来源对碳来源的分类.

主要成果:

  • 微生物碳来源的选择显著影响了聚酸 (PHA) 共聚合物生产的经济可行性.
  • 低成本的废物流是可持续PHA共聚合物合成的有希望的原料类别.
  • 整合廉价的生物质,高效的预处理和强大的微生物是开发多功能,循环的PHA聚合物的关键.

结论:

  • 聚胺酸 (PHA) 共聚物具有先进的性能和可持续的终生选择.
  • 上游原料的选择是成功开发基于聚酸 (PHA) 的塑料替代品的关键因素.
  • 进一步研究具有成本效益的前体和高效的生物工艺对于PHA共聚合物的广泛采用至关重要.