基因增强,人权和地区全球生物伦理学
1City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PRC.
The Journal of medicine and philosophy
|July 3, 2024
概括
本研究区分了CRISPR-Cas9基因增强的基本和非基本人权. 它主张普遍的基本权利,反对伤害和欺骗,拒绝所有文化中的非基本增强.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 人权 人权 人权 人权 人权.
背景情况:
- 克里斯普尔-Cas9技术使遗传增强成为可能,这引发了跨文化伦理方面的担忧.
- 国际宣言没有区分基因增强的基本和非基本人权.
- 文化框架 (自由主义者与家) 影响对非基本权利的看法.
研究的目的:
- 检查CRISPR-Cas9基因增强的跨文化生物伦理问题.
- 提出一个框架,区分普遍的基本权利与文化特定的非基本权利.
- 在不同的文化背景下评估基因增强的伦理允许性.
主要方法:
- 在A型 (自由) 和B型 (家) 文化中对伦理框架的比较分析.
- 基本权利 (普遍) 和非基本权利 (文化特定) 的区别.
- 案例研究分析,包括与何建奎事件的相似之处,以评估权利侵犯.
主要成果:
- 确定了基因增强的两个基本权利:免受身体伤害和免受欺骗的自由.
- 这些基本权利被认为是普遍适用的,不论文化背景如何.
- 与基因增强相关的非基本权利是文化上附带的,需要区域确定.
结论:
- 基因改造项目必须维护免受伤害和欺骗的普遍基本权利.
- 无论是假设的还是现实世界的案件 (例如,何建奎) 违反这些基本权利,在不同文化中都被明确拒绝.
- 在全球范围内,明确区分基本权利和非基本权利对于导航基因增强的生物伦理至关重要.
相关概念视频
What is Genetic Engineering?
74.0K
Overview
74.0K
CRISPR
50.4K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
50.4K
Ethics and Bioethics
1.3K
Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
1.3K
Human Genetics
556
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
556
Synthetic Biology
4.7K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
4.7K
Biodiversity and Human Values
13.0K
Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.
13.0K


