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只是擦伤了表面:针对多发性骨髓瘤的新型治疗方法,准细胞膜蛋白

Paola Neri¹, Noémie Leblay¹, Holly Lee¹

¹Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Nature reviews. Clinical oncology

|July 3, 2024

概括

针对B细胞成熟抗原 (BCMA),G蛋白结合受体家族C组5成员D (GPRC5D) 和Fc受体样蛋白5 (FcRL5) 的新型免疫疗法对多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 是有前途的. 本综述涵盖了当前和正在发展中的治疗方法和耐药性机制.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
在瘤学瘤学.
药理学药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

了解先天性和适应性免疫在多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 瘤发生中的作用,刺激了新的基于免疫的疗法.
B细胞成熟抗原 (BCMA),G蛋白结合受体家族C组5成员D (GPRC5D) 和Fc受体样蛋白5 (FcRL5) 是MM血细胞的关键细胞表面标.
这些目标在重度预治疗,复发/耐药MM患者中表现出显著的活性.

研究的目的:

审查目前和临床开发的针对MM的BCMA,GPRC5D和FcRL5的免疫治疗策略.
讨论获得对这些免疫疗法的耐药性机制.
探索克服耐药性和改善患者治疗结果的策略.

主要方法:

对MM的可用和正在研究的免疫疗法进行文献综述.
对BCMA,GPRC5D和FcRL5向疗法的耐药性背后的机制的分析.
讨论增强治疗效果和克服耐药性的潜在策略.

主要成果:

自2020年以来,已批准的疗法包括抗体-药物合物,双特异性T细胞参与剂和向BCMA或GPRC5D的CAR T细胞.
这些疗法在复发性/耐药性MM中表现出有希望的活性,但并非普遍有效.
对当前免疫疗法获得的耐药性是一个重大的临床挑战.

结论:

向BCMA,GPRC5D和FcRL5代表了MM免疫疗法的重大进展.
了解和克服抵抗机制对于改善患者长期反应至关重要.
需要对新策略进行进一步的研究,以提高这些有前途的治疗方法的疗效.

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