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Updated: Jun 22, 2025
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森林侵占:社会生态影响和可持续管理
Jingyi Ding1, David J Eldridge2
1State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China.
概括
侵占木质植物增加了生态系统功能,但移除会产生权衡. 为了在气候变化下可持续管理,需要碳农业等替代土地用途.
科学领域:
- 生态动态和土地管理
- 社会生态系统分析系统分析
- 生物多样性和生态系统服务
背景情况:
- 木质植物侵占是一个全球现象,影响生态系统功能和生计.
- 目前的管理往往涉及木质植物的移除,假设它恢复草原,但社会影响不太清楚.
- 在侵占系统中平衡牧业生产,生物多样性和文化价值至关重要,尤其是在气候变化方面.
研究的目的:
- 通过全球元分析,综合社会生态视角对木质侵占.
- 评估保留木质植物与移除木质植物对可持续发展目标 (SDGs) 的生态影响和影响.
- 建议对木质侵占进行工作定义,以改善影响评估.
主要方法:
- 综合性文献综述和近期研究的综合.
- 全球元分析以评估森林侵占对生态的影响.
- 在不同的管理情景下对生态系统服务和可持续发展目标的影响的评估.
主要成果:
- 森林侵占是一个自然的继承过程,将生态系统的多功能性增加8%.
- 移除木质植物可以增强草本覆盖,但减少生物;效果因植物类型和移除方法而异.
- 移除和保留木质植物都会导致生态系统服务之间的权衡,无法最大限度地实现所有可持续发展目标.
结论:
- 没有单一的管理策略 (删除或保留) 可以优化所有可持续发展目标;权衡是固有的.
- 随着气候变得更热,更干燥,木材侵占率可能会增加.
- 碳农业和生态旅游等替代土地用途为可持续地管理侵占地区提供了潜在的解决方案.
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