心理学在发育性口吃中调节大脑功能:一个新的治疗视角?
Giuseppe Pasculli1,2, Pierpaolo Busan3, Eric S Jackson4
1Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering (DIAG), La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
Frontiers in human neuroscience
|July 4, 2024
概括
迷幻药可能为发育性口吃 (DS) 提供新的希望,这是影响生活质量的语言障碍. 研究表明,这些化合物可能会积极影响DS中涉及的大脑网络,这需要进一步的临床研究.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
背景情况:
- 发育性口吃 (DS) 是一种神经发育性语音运动障碍,对生活质量产生重大影响,治疗效果有限.
- 痴呆症与大脑新陈代谢和默认模式/社会认知网络 (DMN/SCN) 的异常有关,可能涉及遗传因素和基底质/语音运动区域.
- 持久性DS通常与社会焦虑和回避同时发生,与影响言语流性的DMN/SCN功能障碍有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查DS的神经生理学基础,重点关注大脑代谢和DMN/SCN异常.
- 提出迷幻化合物作为DS治疗的潜在治疗途径.
- 倡导随机临床试验,调查DS的迷幻药物.
主要方法:
- 审查关于DS神经生理学的现有研究.
- 分析大脑代谢和DMN/SCN在DS中的作用.
- 检查迷幻药对大脑新陈代谢和DMN/SCN在其他精神疾病中的影响.
主要成果:
- DS表现出异质的神经特征,包括代谢缺陷和改变的DMN/SCN连接.
- 迷幻药可以调节大脑新陈代谢和DMN/SCN连接,在具有类似心理构造 (例如,社会焦虑) 的精神疾病中显示出有效性.
- 事证据表明,迷幻药对口吃和相关症状有潜在的益处.
结论:
- 迷幻药显示出作为一种治疗发育性口吃的新方法的潜力.
- 通过受控的临床试验进行进一步的研究是有必要的,以确定在DS中迷幻药的疗效和安全性.
- 用迷幻药物准大脑新陈代谢和DMN/SCN网络可能会缓解口吃和相关的心理痛苦.
相关概念视频
CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents
141
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
141
Hallucinogens and Psychedelics
162
Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
162
Altered States of Awareness
172
Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
172
An Overview of Psychoactive Drugs
204
Psychoactive drugs impact brain function, influencing perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior. These substances are grouped based on their effects and the mechanisms by which they act.
Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine enhance brain activity, leading to increased alertness, attention, and energy. These drugs typically raise heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. While they can induce feelings of euphoria, their misuse can result in severe health...
Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine enhance brain activity, leading to increased alertness, attention, and energy. These drugs typically raise heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. While they can induce feelings of euphoria, their misuse can result in severe health...
204
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
564
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
564
Modeling in Therapy
65
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
65


