逆境和错误监测:情感背景的影响
Rebecca J Compton1, Danylo Shudrenko1, Erin Ng1
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA.
Psychophysiology
|July 4, 2024
概括
童年逆境预测大脑对错误的反应发生变化,特别是在情感任务期间. 早期错误检测可能会增加,而后期处理可能会减少,影响情绪调节.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 童年逆境与长期的心理和认知影响有关.
- 错误处理对于适应性行为和学习至关重要.
- 情绪刺激可以调节认知过程,包括错误监测.
研究的目的:
- 调查自我报告的童年逆境与错误处理的神经标记之间的关系.
- 检查情感背景是否影响这种关系.
- 探索逆境对执行职能和情绪调节的影响.
主要方法:
- 99名本科生用情感和非情感词完成了选择性注意力任务 (Stroop).
- 脑电图 (EEG) 记录了神经活动,重点关注与错误相关的潜力 (ERN,Pe) 和α振荡.
- 参与者完成了关于童年经历,执行功能,抑郁,压力和情绪调节的自我报告措施.
主要成果:
- 童年逆境与自我报告的执行功能困难相关,独立于抑郁和压力.
- 在情感任务中,逆境预测了增强的与错误相关的消极性 (ERN) 和淡的错误积极性 (Pe).
- 逆境与与错误相关的α振荡的改变有关,这表明在情感背景下反应能力降低.
结论:
- 童年逆境改变了错误处理的神经机制,特别是在情感上下文.
- 逆境可能会导致更高的初始错误检测,但在情感挑战期间会损害持续的错误处理.
- 这些神经变化发生在没有明显任务执行的显著变化的情况下,突出显示了逆境的微妙认知影响.
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