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联邦刑事法典:它会限制南澳大利亚的自愿辅助死亡的机会吗?还有前进的道路吗?
Julia Matteo1, Michaela Okninski2
1Honours Student, Adelaide Law School, University of Adelaide.
Journal of law and medicine
|July 4, 2024
概括
南澳大利亚的自愿辅助死亡法面临法律挑战,因为联邦法律禁止在线推广自杀. 医生在使用远程医疗为VAD服务时面临起诉的风险,需要法律澄清.
科学领域:
- 医疗法 法律 医疗法
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 刑事法律 刑事法律 刑事法律
背景情况:
- 南澳大利亚2021年自愿协助死亡 (VAD) 法案于2023年1月31日开始实施.
- 联邦法律 (1995年"刑法典法案"第474.29A和474.29B条) 限制"运输服务"从促进自杀或提供指示.
- 这就造成了与VAD访问的潜在冲突,特别是在远程医疗方面.
研究的目的:
- 检查VAD途径中可能违反联邦刑法规定的特定步骤.
- 突出通过远程医疗提供VAD服务的医疗从业者面临的法律风险.
- 倡导解决VAD立法与联邦法律之间的冲突.
主要方法:
- 在南澳大利亚VAD路径的分析.
- 对1995年"刑法典法案" (Cth) 的相关条款的审查.
- 审查现有的尝试,以澄清与自杀有关的VAD的法律地位.
主要成果:
- 禁止通过运输服务促进自杀的联邦法律对VAD实施构成重大风险.
- 医生因使用远程医疗来促进VAD而面临潜在的起诉,因为沟通可能被解释为促进或提供关于自杀的指示.
- 试图澄清VAD是否在联邦法律下构成自杀的尝试没有成功,留下了模两可.
结论:
- 南澳大利亚的VAD法与联邦刑事法典之间的冲突必须得到解决,以确保患者获得合法VAD.
- 联邦政府应该修改"刑法典",明确地将VAD排除在自杀的定义之外.
- 需要采取紧急立法行动,以防止对VAD服务,特别是使用远程医疗服务的法律障碍.
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