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与脂质相关的巨细胞在肥胖症中重塑了BAT细胞的身份

Francesca Sciarretta¹, Andrea Ninni², Fabio Zaccaria²

¹IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.

|July 4, 2024

概括

肥胖会降低棕色脂肪的活性. 研究人员发现,脂质相关巨细胞 (LAMs) 捕获受损细胞部位,导致棕色脂肪细胞的变化和身份丧失.

科学领域:

代谢研究的研究.
细胞生物学细胞生物学
免疫学免疫学免疫学

背景情况:

肥胖和2型糖尿病与棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 活性降低有关.
在这些条件下,BAT电池改造背后的分子机制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

研究在代谢压力期间推动棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 细胞重塑的分子机制.
确定关键的细胞参与者和参与BAT功能障碍在肥胖和2型糖尿病的途径.

主要方法:

使用多层方法在BAT范围内绘制细胞重组图.
采用了BAT扩展的遗传和饮食模型.
研究了巨细胞的作用,特别是脂质相关巨细胞 (LAMs) 和CD36捕食受体.

主要成果:

确定了一组巨细胞,称为脂质相关巨细胞 (LAM),在BAT扩展过程中显著增加.
证明LAM从压力较大的棕色脂肪细胞中捕获含有受损脂质和线粒体的细胞外囊泡.
表明CD36捕食受体驱动LAM表型,其缺乏LAM可以增强脂肪细胞中的棕色脂肪基因表达.
发现LAMs释放转化生长因子β1 (TGF-β1),诱导阿尔德海德脱酶1家族成员A1 (Aldh1a1) 并促进棕色脂肪细胞身份的丧失.

结论:

在肥胖期间发现了BAT中的动态细胞变化.
在BAT中确定了LAM作为对代谢应激的关键反应器.
确立LAMs是通过TGF-β1信号传递失去棕色脂肪细胞身份的关键驱动因素.

关键词:

CP:新陈代谢过程中的新陈代谢.脂肪细胞 (adipocytes) 是一种脂肪细胞.细胞外线粒体细胞外线粒体免疫代谢的免疫代谢.代谢过程中的代谢.线粒体中的线粒体.一个单细胞RNA测序.热生成是一种热生成.2 型糖尿病 2 型糖尿病

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