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相关概念视频

Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
6.4K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

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Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

A Rapid In Vivo Bioassay for Developmentally Active Enhancers
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从相同的布料中切割:从调节元素转录的RNAs.

E M Stasevich1, A V Simonova2, E A Bogomolova3

  • 1Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms
|July 4, 2024
PubMed
概括

调节元素RNAs (regRNAs) 对基因调节和细胞过程至关重要,而不仅仅是转录噪声. 本综述涵盖了多种regRNA及其作为疾病生物标志物和治疗点的潜力.

关键词:
增强器RNA是一种增强器RNA.绝缘分离器RNA是什么瘤发生的发生因子.促销器RNA是一种促进器RNA.监管要素是一个监管要素.这是一种沉默器RNA.

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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.

背景情况:

  • 染色体可访问性对于基因转录至关重要.
  • 调控元素RNAs (regRNAs) 是从活跃的基因组区域合成的.
  • 越来越多地认识到regRNAs的功能意义,挑战了转录噪声的概念.

研究的目的:

  • 审查regRNAs在人类细胞过程中的多样性作用.
  • 要突出研究良好的 (促进子RNA,增强子RNA) 和研究较少的 (沉默子RNA,绝缘子RNA) regRNAs.
  • 讨论regRNAs作为人类疾病生物标志物和治疗点的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 对RegRNAs的研究进行文献综述.
  • 对不同类型的regRNAs进行分析,包括促进RNAs,增强RNAs,沉默RNAs,绝缘RNAs,miRNAs,snRNAs和snoRNAs.
  • 讨论调节RNA功能在细胞过程和疾病中的影响.

主要成果:

  • 在人体细胞中,RegRNAs扮演着多方面的角色,超越了转录噪声.
  • 讨论了regRNAs的具体例子,包括促进RNAs,增强RNAs,静音RNAs和绝缘RNAs.
  • 较短的regRNAs如miRNAs,snRNAs和snoRNAs被证实具有重要的功能.

结论:

  • RegRNAs是关键的功能分子,参与各种细胞活动.
  • 了解regRNA多样性和功能对于理解基因调节至关重要.
  • 作为生物标志物和癌症等疾病的治疗点,RegRNAs具有显著的前景.