毒蛇的免疫在生命树上通过在保存的脚手架上的连续创新进化
Helena Shomar1, Héloïse Georjon1,2, Yanlei Feng3,4
1Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1284, Molecular Diversity of Microbes Lab, Paris, France.
Nature ecology & evolution
|July 4, 2024
概括
毒蛇蛋白是古老的抗病毒免疫基因,在原核生物和真核生物中保存着. 它们通过基因创新和伙伴关系在真核生物中进化了新的功能,增强了对病毒的防御能力.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 细胞-病毒进化军备竞赛推动抗病毒基因多样化.
- 原核生物和真核生物之间共享的免疫基因显示保存的抗病毒机制.
- 保存的抗病毒基因的进化动态在很大程度上尚未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究viperin免疫基因的进化性保护和多样化.
- 确定真核生物中毒虫适应的机制.
- 了解跨生命领域共享免疫的起源和演变.
主要方法:
- 跨 prokaryotes 和 eukaryotes 的 viperin 基因家族的植物遗传学分析.
- 生物化学测试以确定viperin功能和基质特异性.
- 基因组分析以确定基因链接和共同进化模式.
主要成果:
- 毒蛇在原核生物和真核生物中高度保存,在阿斯加德古生物中得到丰富.
- 欧核生物毒蛇很可能起源于一个古老的血统.
- 维培林的功能是通过产生抗病毒核酸类似物来起作用.
- 欧核细胞毒蛇的多样化涉及基质特异性和基因伙伴关系 (例如,与核酸激酶) 的创新.
结论:
- 维培林代表了公核生物和真核生物之间共享的保存免疫系统组成部分.
- 欧核生物毒蛇的进化展示了通过基因创新和遗传链接的适应.
- 这项研究揭示了跨领域免疫基因适应中的生化和基因组过渡.
- 这些发现有助于理解生命的各个领域的保护免疫力.
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