患有自闭症的幼儿早期社会沟通技能的表型变化及其对后期发展的影响
Fiona Journal1,2, Martina Franchini3, Michel Godel1
1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
概括
与典型发育的同龄人相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表现出延迟的早期社交沟通技能. 识别特定的行为和子组有助于理解发育轨迹和改进干预措施.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
背景情况:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童经常遇到早期社交沟通方面的困难.
- 了解这些挑战对于认知和适应性发展至关重要.
- 现有的研究需要对特定行为及其影响进行更深入的探索.
研究的目的:
- 检查ASD学龄前儿童早期社会沟通技能的发展轨迹.
- 将这些轨迹与年龄相匹配的典型发育 (TD) 儿童进行比较.
- 在ASD人群中根据前言性沟通概况识别ASD人群中的子组.
主要方法:
- 使用早期社会沟通尺度 (ESCS) 的纵向研究设计.
- 主要组件分析 (PCA) 应用于ESCS变量以确定潜在的行为组件.
- 集群分析用于根据沟通档案识别ASD儿童的不同子组.
主要成果:
- 在ASD和TD儿童之间观察到早期社会沟通技能的显著差异,ASD儿童表现出技能减少.
- PCA确定了两个关键组成部分:面向对象的行为和面向社交互动的行为.
- 集群分析揭示了ASD儿童的三个不同的子组,每个子组都有独特的沟通配置文件,与特定的认知和适应性功能轨迹相关.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了对ASD早期社会沟通发展的细微了解,突出了基础行为的重要性.
- 鉴定的子组及其独特的发展路径增强了对ASD异质性的理解.
- 研究结果支持早期诊断和有针对性的干预,重点关注预测认知和适应性结果的行为.
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