在肠上皮质屏障模型中,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异的减弱复制和破坏性影响
Meta Volcic1, Rayhane Nchioua1, Chiara Pastorio1
1Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
Journal of medical virology
|July 5, 2024
概括
严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 破坏肠道屏障,影响长期COVID. 奥米克朗变种比早期的菌株造成的伤害较小,为病毒感染期间的肠道健康提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 胃肠道症状在COVID-19患者中很常见,肠道屏障功能受损与长期COVID有关.
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 对肠道表皮的确切影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查SARS-CoV-2感染对肠道屏障完整性和功能的影响.
- 为了比较不同SARS-CoV-2变体在肠道表皮上的病原性.
主要方法:
- 使用Caco-2,HT29和Raji细胞开发人类肠道上皮屏障模型.
- 模型感染了SARS-CoV-2早期菌株,德尔塔和Omicron亚型.
- 评估屏障功能,紧结蛋白耗尽和病毒复制.
主要成果:
- SARS-CoV-2 感染严重破坏了肠道屏障功能,并耗尽了与早期菌株和三角洲变种的紧密结蛋白 (claudin-1,ocludin,ZO-1).
- 奥米克朗亚型也减少了ZO-1,但对粘膜完整性和屏障功能的影响不那么严重.
- 抗病毒治疗 (雷姆迪西维尔,EK1,Camostat) 抑制了病毒复制和保护了上皮质屏障功能,而E64d是无效的.
结论:
- 显然,SARS-CoV-2感染会破坏肠道屏障功能,导致COVID-19和潜在的长期COVID中的胃肠道问题.
- 与较早的SARS-CoV-2菌株相比,Omicron亚型似乎对肠道屏障完整性不利.
- 针对病毒复制的抗病毒疗法可以减轻SARS-CoV-2引起的肠壁损伤.
相关概念视频
00:36Viral Mutations
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
01:05Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...