素食和植物性饮食与较低的COVID-19发病率有关
Júlio César Acosta-Navarro1, Laís Ferreira Dias1, Luiza Antoniazzi Gomes de Gouveia1
1Unidade Clinica de Emergencia, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital da Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
BMJ nutrition, prevention & health
|July 5, 2024
概括
植物性和素食饮食与较低的COVID-19感染风险有关. 根据观察性研究发现,这些饮食模式可能会提供防止感染病毒的保护.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病研究 传染病研究
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响整体健康和免疫功能.
- 了解饮食和COVID-19等传染病之间的关系对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,植物丰富的饮食对免疫支持有潜在的益处.
研究的目的:
- 调查基于植物和素食饮食模式与COVID-19感染的发生率之间的联系.
- 评估这些饮食模式是否会影响COVID-19疾病的严重程度和持续时间.
- 为了比较COVID-19在遵循万食,植物性和素食饮食的个体中的结果.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及702名参与者的观察性研究于2022年3月至7月期间进行.
- 参与者被分为万食 (n=424) 和植物性 (n=278) 饮食组,后者进一步分为素食和柔性饮食子组.
- 采用多变量后勤回归模型来分析饮食模式对COVID-19发病率的影响,并根据BMI,体力活动和先前存在的疾病等混因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 在调整了混杂因素后,以植物为基础的和素食饮食的个体在COVID-19感染的几率比食肉饮食的人低39% (分别为OR=0.61,p=0.003和p=0.009).
- 植物性和素食饮食的特点是蔬菜,豆类和坚果的摄入量较高,乳制品和肉类的摄入量较低.
- 在自我报告的饮食模式和COVID-19感染的严重程度或持续时间之间没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 植物性和主要的素食饮食与COVID-19感染的发病率降低有关.
- 这些饮食方法可能会对获得COVID-19产生保护作用.
- 进一步的研究可以探索这种保护性关联背后的具体机制.
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