食品环境和肥胖:一个系统的审查和元分析
Elisa Pineda1,2, Jemima Stockton3, Shaun Scholes3
1The George Institute for Global Health UK, Imperial College London, London, UK.
BMJ nutrition, prevention & health
|July 5, 2024
概括
零售食品环境显著影响肥胖. 进入快餐会增加肥胖风险,而靠近超市和新鲜农产品的门店与较低的肥胖率有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 肥胖是一个复杂的健康问题,受各种因素的影响,包括食物环境.
- 政府需要强有力的证据来实施有效的政策,以改善食品环境.
- 了解食品出口和肥胖之间的空间关系对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查零售食品环境和肥胖症的空间环境分析.
- 进行首次元分析,评估食品出口供应对肥胖的影响.
- 为决策者提供关于改善食品环境以打击肥胖的证据.
主要方法:
- 地理统计学研究的系统综述和随机效应元分析.
- 在2022年1月之前搜索的主要数据库 (OvidSP-Medline,Scielo,Scopus,Google Scholar)
- 按食品出售点类型和空间尺度,包括密度和近距离的聚合效应大小.
主要成果:
- 综述中包括了103项研究.
- 快餐店附近的位置与肥胖有显著的积极关联 (OR:1.15).
- 新鲜水果/蔬菜销售点的密度和超市的附近与肥胖相反相关 (ORs:分别为0.93和0.90).
结论:
- 不健康的食品商店与更高的肥胖率相关,而进入超市等健康选择与更低的肥胖率有关.
- 目前食品商店的区分法可能不足以解决肥胖问题.
- 未来的法规应优先考虑增加健康食品的可用性和促进更健康的食品环境.
关键词:
营养不良 营养不良 营养不良相关概念视频
Obesity
442
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
442
Binge Eating Disorders
61
Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
61
Dietary Connections
50.2K
In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
50.2K
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
28
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
28


