在自闭症谱系障碍中,大脑激活与他人视角和互感能力之间的关系:fMRI研究
Huiyeong Jeon1, Ahjeong Hur2, Hoyeon Lee3
1Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人在视角采用过程中与典型发育 (TD) 个体相比,显示出不同的大脑活动. 这种非典型的激活,特别是对其他激活的反应.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 具有社会沟通挑战的特点,包括难以采取视角.
- 在社会认知过程中理解ASD中的大脑差异对于开发有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 互感和同理心是社会理解的关键组成部分,在ASD中可能会发生变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 在视角采集过程中,在ASD和典型发育 (TD) 个体之间大脑激活的差异.
- 为了检查大脑激活模式与ASD中的同情和互感能力之间的关联.
- 探索自我的其他区别和ASD体现的神经基础.
主要方法:
- fMRI研究比较了ASD (n=17) 和TD个体 (n=22) 的个人.
- 参与者从自我和他人角度评价观察到的疼痛刺激.
- 评估了同情能力,视角采用,以及整感觉的三个维度 (准确性,敏感性,特征预测错误).
主要成果:
- 与TD相比,ASD组在自我视角服用时显示出更大的左前肌激活.
- 在其他视角拍摄过程中,ASD组表现出右前,右上额,左尾状核和左桃体的过度活化.
- 在自闭症患者中,右上额头回环激活与整感准确性负相关,左尾状回环激活与视角取景能力负相关.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的个体在视角上执行任务时表现出异常的大脑激活.
- 过度激活与压力和逃避反应相关的大脑区域在其他视角采取ASD时.
- 这种过度活跃,与缺少整体感知准确性有关,表明在ASD中自我-其他区分或非典型实施方案的潜在困难.
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