针对常规儿童免疫接种及其行为和社会驱动因素的干预措施
Shradha S Parsekar1, Lalitha Vadrevu1, Monica Jain1
1International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), New Delhi, India.
Frontiers in public health
|July 5, 2024
概括
本综述总结了在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 改善儿童疫苗接种的战略. 干预措施针对护理人员的知识,动机和服务提供,以增加常规免疫覆盖率.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
- 疫苗接种计划 疫苗接种计划
背景情况:
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的数百万儿童仍然没有接种疫苗,尽管全球免疫接种取得了进展.
- 在这些地区实现广泛的常规免疫覆盖率仍然存在重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 提供一个全面的总结,加强在LMICs常规免疫的战略.
- 协助计划实施者设计有效的疫苗接种干预措施.
主要方法:
- 包括来自LMIC的142个实验和准实验性影响评估.
- 使用干预框架和世卫组织疫苗接种框架的行为和社会驱动因素 (BeSD) 编码研究.
- 对干预策略和发现的疫苗接种障碍的定性分析.
主要成果:
- 干预措施包括照顾者教育,媒体活动和激励措施,以解决知识和动机障碍.
- 自动化消息和改善的卫生工作者培训提高了疫苗接种知识和服务质量.
- 社区动员和加强卫生系统改善了接种疫苗的机会和社会规范.
结论:
- 结合以护理人员为重点,服务提供和社区层面的干预措施的多方面的方法对于改善常规免疫接种至关重要.
- 通过像BeSD这样的框架来确定特定障碍的干预措施是成功的关键.
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