非传统语言的自发生成及其与ASD和没有ASD的中国成年人语法表现的联系
Zixuan Wu1, Cherry Lam1, Carol K S To2
1Academic Unit of Human Communication, Learning, and Development, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|July 5, 2024
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的成年人使用的非传统语言比神经类型 (NT) 的成年人多. 在ASD中,这种语言生成与语音不流有关,与NT个体不同的是,它与语法有关.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社会沟通差异.
- 在ASD中观察到非传统的语言,包括新词和特异性短语,但其与语法表现的关系需要进一步调查.
- 广东语成年人提供了一个独特的语言背景来研究与自闭症相关的语言模式.
研究的目的:
- 研究与神经类型 (NT) 对照相比,ASD的中国成年人的自发言语中非传统语言的产生.
- 在两组中检查非传统语言和语法表现 (形态组合,MLU,迷宫) 之间的关系.
- 探讨与ASD和NT成年人的广东语成年人之间的语言特征的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用自闭症诊断观察表,第二版 (ADOS-2) 进行了三次采访任务,其中包括20名口语成年人与ASD和20名NT对照.
- 记录和转录所有参与者的自发语音样本.
- 量化了非常规语言 (新词,特异性短语,脚步语言),形态语法错误,发言的平均长度 (MLU) 和迷宫.
主要成果:
- 与NT组相比,ASD组表现出明显更高的新词汇,特异性短语和粗俗的语言.
- 自闭症组的语法困难被较短的MLU和迷宫频率增加所证明,但不是形态语法错误.
- 在NT成年人中,非常规语言与MLU正相关,表明与更先进的语法有联系;相比之下,对于ASD成年人来说,它与迷宫正相关,表明与语音失调有联系.
结论:
- 非传统的语言生成是广东语成年人ASD自发言语的独特特征,不管他们的语法能力如何.
- 非传统语言和语音产生之间的关系在ASD和NT群体之间有所不同,突出了ASD中独特的语言处理.
- 特别是流言语言,作为一个标记,将ASD语音模式与神经典型成年人的语音模式区分开来,即使考虑到语法复杂性.
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