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精神病,疼痛和疼痛同理心:一个心理生理学研究

Sophie Alshukri¹, Minna Lyons¹, Victoria Blinkhorn¹

¹School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

|July 5, 2024

概括

具有较高精神病态特征的个体报告个人疼痛较少,但对他人的疼痛表现出较少的同情心和生理反应. 这表明,精神病症影响了对疼痛的自我感知和对他人的同情心.

科学领域:

心理学心理学心理学
神经科学是一个神经科学.
法医心理学法医心理学

背景情况:

精神病是一种人格构造,其特点是反社会行为,冷酷和操纵.
以前的研究表明,具有精神病特征的个体可能会表现出改变的疼痛感知和同理心.
双重伤害理论认为,精神病症既影响个人痛苦处理,也影响对他人的痛苦的同情心.

研究的目的:

调查精神病态特征与自我报告和心理生理学感知压力之间的关系.
通过自我报告和心理生理学措施,检查精神病态对 empathy 对他人的痛苦的影响.
在精神病的背景下探索双重伤害理论的有效性.

主要方法:

通过青少年精神病 inventory (YPI) 对369名学生进行了心理病特征的选.
从最高和最低的精神病态谱群中招募了49名成年人.
使用皮肤导电性反应 (SCR) 和自我报告措施,以及精神病态和同理心问卷 (TriPm,IRI) 来测量对感知压力的反应和他人的疼痛图像.

主要成果:

精神病态度较高的参与者报告说,他们经历的 nociceptive 压力较少.
在高和低精神病症组之间,没有发现皮肤导电性反应 (SCR) 对感觉压力的显著差异.
精神病态度较高的人在看别人痛苦时表现出较低的SCR和自我报告的同情心.

结论:

精神病特征与难以同情他人的痛苦有关.
精神病症也可能影响对 nociceptive 压力的感知.
研究结果支持双重伤害理论,这表明干预措施应应对精神病特征的个体的疼痛识别和同理心.

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