在阅读理解测试中的吉林谬论
Charlotte E Lee1, Hayward J Godwin1, Denis Drieghe1
1School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|July 5, 2024
概括
研究人员发现,纳尔逊·丹尼阅读测试 (NDRT) 在不同的理解需求下更好地预测阅读模式,而不是WIAT-II. 不同的阅读理解测试不应互换使用.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育测量教育的测量
- 阅读科学 阅读科学
背景情况:
- 曲谬论强调了假设具有相似名称的测试测量相同结构的风险.
- 阅读理解测试是教育和心理学研究中至关重要的工具.
- 了解不同的测试如何反映在不同的认知负载下阅读行为,对于准确的评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查纳尔逊·丹尼阅读测试 (NDRT) 和韦克斯勒个人成就测试 (WIAT-II) 的理解子测试是否预测与阅读理解需求相关的眼动模式的差异.
- 检查NDRT和WIAT-II在熟练成年阅读者中的可靠性和预测有效性.
主要方法:
- 在高和低理解需求条件下,记录了91名大学生在阅读段落时的眼动.
- 参与者完成了NDRT和WIAT-II.II的理解子测试.
- 阅读行为 (固定时间,跳动长度) 与测试成绩和理解需求相关分析.
主要成果:
- 在更高的理解要求下,读者通过放慢速度,增加固定和缩短萨卡德来适应阅读.
- NDRT得分预测了适应性阅读策略,高得分者比低得分者更具灵活性.
- WIAT-II分数与观察到的读数模式变化没有相关性,测试的可靠性很低.
结论:
- 与WIAT-II相比,NDRT在捕捉与理解要求相关的阅读行为中的个体差异方面更有效.
- 研究人员在选择阅读理解测试时必须谨慎,因为它们不能互换.
- 这些发现强调了测试选择对于准确研究阅读过程的重要性.
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