农村-城市居住和预期寿命,有和没有疼痛
Feinuo Sun1, Zachary Zimmer2, Nicolas Brouard3
1Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.
Health & place
|July 5, 2024
概括
与城市居民相比,农村地区的老年人经历的疼痛年数明显多. 这种无痛预期寿命的农村劣势在美国某些地区最为明显.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 预期寿命和生活质量受到社会经济和环境因素的影响.
- 疼痛显著影响老年人群的健康结果和医疗保健利用率.
- 健康方面的地理差异,特别是农村和城市之间的差异,是越来越严重的公共卫生问题.
研究的目的:
- 分析老年人有或没有疼痛的预期寿命的城乡差异.
- 根据居住地点 (农村,郊区,城市) 量化无痛预期寿命的差异.
- 检查美国各地这些农村和城市疼痛差异的区域差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自健康和退休研究 (2000-2018) 的数据,包括18160名53岁以上的参与者.
- 采用交叉马尔科夫链软件和多状态生命表方法来计算疼痛预期.
- 分析了按年龄,性别,居住类型 (农村,郊区,城市) 和美国地区分层的疼痛预期.
主要成果:
- 与城市和郊区相比,农村地区在没有疼痛的预期寿命方面存在显著的劣势.
- 在农村地区55岁的男性中,预计65.2%的人没有疼痛,而在郊区为67.8%,城市为69.9%.
- 差异在东北部和南部地区最为突出,在晚年 (85岁以上) 减少或逆转.
结论:
- 农村居住是增加老年人疼痛负担和减少无疼痛预期寿命的重要因素.
- 疼痛的地理位置是由农村和城市的住宅环境所塑造的,需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解驱动这些观察到的环境影响对疼痛经历的潜在机制.
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