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来自工业来源的颗粒物结合重金属对大气的排放

Qiuting Yang¹, Guorui Liu², Jerzy Falandysz³

¹State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

The Science of the total environment

|July 5, 2024

概括

工业活动释放含有重金属的细颗粒物 (PM),带来显著的癌症风险. 全球南方的排放量超过全球北方,突出显示了工业污染带来的区域健康差异.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
毒理学毒理学毒理学
工业生态学工业生态学

背景情况:

工业活动是大气颗粒物 (PM) 和有毒物质的主要来源.
由于评估不足,存在与工业排放有关的人类健康风险的知识差距.
来自工业来源的细颗粒 (<2.5μm) 含有影响公众健康的有害元素.

研究的目的:

为了全面描述和量化工厂的颗粒物 (PM).
为了估计全球工业活动产生的铁和重金属的年度大气释放量.
识别特定的工业排放标志物并评估相关的健康风险.

主要方法:

来自118个大型工业厂的颗粒物的表征和量化.
估计每年大气中释放的铁和重金属细颗粒的估计.
特定工业来源的标志性晶体化合物的识别.

主要成果:

主导的PM分量为<2.5微米 (97.9%) 和<1微米 (79.0%).
据估计,每年在细颗粒物中释放的铁和重金属分别为51,161和69,591.
重金属排放导致的癌症风险在1461%至50,752%之间.
五种晶体化合物 (ZnO,PbSO4,Mn3O4,Fe3O4,Fe2O3) 被确定为工业来源指标.
这些有毒化合物的全球年度微粒颗粒排放量估计为78,635.
与全球北方相比,全球南方的工业排放量更高.

结论:

工业细颗粒物排放,特别是来自全球南方的工业细颗粒物排放,对健康构成重大风险,包括增加癌症风险.
已识别的晶体化合物可以作为特定工业污染源的标记物.
调查结果强调需要区域性健康风险评估和针对工业活动的有针对性的排放控制策略.

关键词:

大气中的排放量.微细颗粒物质的细颗粒物质的细颗粒物质这是一种重金属,重金属.工业污染工业污染颗粒物结合的有毒物质是颗粒物结合的有毒物质.

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