最近的症状性Omicron感染在再感染期间降低了COVID-19肺炎风险:基于计算机断层扫描的队列研究
Yulan Zheng1, Shijun Jia2, Lu Tang3
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China.
概括
之前有症状的Omicron感染在高度接种疫苗的队列中,在再感染期间显著降低了肺炎风险. 没有感染的个人应该保持最新的疫苗接种,以降低患肺炎的风险.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 感染可能导致持续的肺损伤,并可能表明遗传倾向.
- 感染的混合免疫力提供了对严重COVID-19的保护,但最近感染对再感染期间肺炎风险的影响尚不清楚,特别是在有限的病毒和胸部CT查的情况下.
研究的目的:
- 调查最近的SARS-CoV-2症状感染是否会在随后的Omicron变种再感染期间降低患肺炎的风险.
- 评估COVID-19后出现肺炎的患者的长期肺部健康结果.
主要方法:
- 在Omicron BF.7波 (2022年12月至2023年1月) 期间,一组15598名完全接种疫苗并增强的患者患有COVID-19症状,并在Omicron XBB.1.5波 (2023年5月至8月) 期间进行胸部CT扫描.
- 研究人员招募了17,968名COVID-19和胸部CT扫描的第二波患者的对照组,这些患者之前没有症状感染.
- 肺炎发病率和CT扫描中的残留肺部异常在各组之间进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 19.6%的第一波患者患上了肺炎.
- 在第二波再感染患者中,只有0.2%患有肺炎,明显低于首次感染对照患者的1.7%发病率 (调整后的相对风险:0.11).
- 1.3%的第一波肺炎幸存者在8个月内随访CT扫描时有剩余的肺部异常.
结论:
- 在高度接种疫苗的人群中,在8个月内先前出现症状的Omicron感染,大大降低了再感染期间肺炎的风险.
- 对于未感染的个体,建议保持最新的疫苗接种,以减轻肺炎风险.
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