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评估COVID-19对塞拉利昂常规免疫接种的影响

Umaru Sesay^1,2,3, Hector Mario Serna-Chavez⁴, Gebrekrstos Negash Gebru^5,6

¹KIT Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. sesayumaru4@gmail.com.

BMC public health

|July 5, 2024

概括

在塞拉利昂,COVID-19严重破坏了常规免疫接种,全国免疫覆盖率在2020年下降,到2022年无法完全恢复. 虽然一些地区出现了改善,但大多数地区的基本疫苗覆盖率持续下降.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
免疫接种计划免疫接种计划

背景情况:

COVID-19大流行给全球医疗保健系统带来了前所未有的挑战,包括常规免疫 (RI) 服务.
塞拉利昂在卫生紧急情况方面有着先前的经验,在疫情期间维持其RI计划时面临着独特的脆弱性.
关于大流行对西非国家如塞拉利昂的RI的具体影响的数据有限.

研究的目的:

评估COVID-19大流行对塞拉利昂关键疫苗抗原的覆盖范围的影响.
从2019年到2022年,分析国家和地区一级常规免疫接种覆盖面的趋势.
为了确定特定的抗原和受流行病相关干扰影响最大的区域.

主要方法:

利用来自塞拉利昂地区卫生信息系统的疫苗接种数据.
分析了BCG,麻疹-红疹 (MR1,MR2) 和五价抗原 (P1,P3) 的年度覆盖率.
采用皮尔森千平方测试来比较大流行前 (2019) 和大流行年 (2020-2022) 之间的覆盖率.

主要成果:

在2019年和2020年之间,所有分析的抗原的全国覆盖率下降,MR1和P3的显著下降.
在2020年和2021年之间,在全国范围内观察到覆盖率的适度增加,MR2除外.
虽然MR抗原在2021-2022年出现了一些复苏,但其他抗原的覆盖率下降;2022年总体地区级覆盖率仍低于2019年的水平.

结论:

COVID-19大流行对塞拉利昂的BCG,麻疹-红疹和五价抗原的常规免疫覆盖面产生了不利影响,到2022年恢复不完全.
虽然全国覆盖率下降,但地区层面的影响有所不同,需要采用细粒度的方法来确定脆弱地区.
有效地恢复免疫服务需要有针对性的战略,持续的投资,并专注于平等的机会,以防止疫苗可预防疾病的复发.

关键词:

这是BCG疫苗.细菌镇定了格林.在 COVID-19 疫情中,卫生信息系统卫生信息系统麻疹 - 红疹病毒一个流行病的流行病.这是五价疫苗的疫苗.公共卫生紧急情况.常规免疫接种常规免疫接种塞拉利昂塞拉利昂接种疫苗的覆盖率是多少

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