在发育性阅读障碍症中的自动隐喻处理
Rita Cersosimo1, Filippo Domaneschi1, Hamad Al-Azary2
1University of Genoa, Italy.
Journal of communication disorders
|July 6, 2024
概括
阅读障碍的个体可以自动处理比喻含义,类似于其他人. 隐喻理解中的困难可能源于上下文整合,而不是初始处理.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 之前的研究表明,在阅读障碍症中,隐喻理解存在挑战.
- 这些困难的确切性质 - - 早期处理与后期集成 - - 尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查发育性阅读障碍的成年人早期的自动隐喻处理.
- 探索执行职能和比喻熟悉对这个过程的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用隐喻干扰效应 (MIE) 范式进行句子回忆和语义判断任务.
- 评估了使用高/低熟悉的隐喻和混杂的对应的比喻来生成比喻意义和抑制字面意义.
- 包括26名患有阅读障碍的成年人和31名对照.
主要成果:
- 阅读障碍组显示出与对照组相似的MIE和准确性,表明可比的自动隐喻处理.
- 对于熟悉的隐喻,抑制与MIE相关;工作记忆没有显著的作用.
- 虽然这两组比编码版本更好地编码隐喻,但阅读障碍患者回忆的隐喻较少,与已知的句子检索缺陷保持一致.
结论:
- 患有阅读障碍的成年人表现出与神经类型个体相比的自动隐喻意思计算.
- 阅读障碍症中的隐喻理解困难可能来自于上下文的含义构造,而不是最初的语义处理限制.
相关概念视频
01:27Language and Cognition
340
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
340
01:25Learning Disabilities
93
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
93
01:30Information Processing Approach
33
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
33
01:22Language Development
339
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
339