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在1986-2022年期间,沼泽减少的速度远快于黄河源湿地在1986-2022年期间的增加.

Mengqi Qiu1, Yanxu Liu1, Fuyou Tian2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100857, China.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

黄河源地 (YRS) 的湿地绘制显示,从1986年到2022年期间,沼泽的退化和水域的扩张显著. 牧场,而不是气候变化,推动了沼泽的丧失,影响了数百万人的供水.

关键词:
驱动因素 驱动因素谷歌地球引擎 (GEE) 是一个这是Theil-Sen的估计.时间序列时间序列湿地地图绘制湿地地图绘制

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科学领域:

  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
  • 生态系统动力学 生态系统动力学

背景情况:

  • 湿地是关键的生态系统,需要监测可持续管理,特别是在全球变暖的情况下.
  • 黄河源 (YRS) 湿地,包括一个大型高原泥炭沼泽,面临着退化,威胁着1.1亿人的供水.
  • 由于缺乏长期,密集的时间序列数据,评估YRS湿地演变具有挑战性.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的方法,用于从1986年到2022年生成YRS的年度湿地地图.
  • 分析湿地范围的趋势,并确定观察到的变化背后的驱动因素.
  • 为青海-西藏高原可持续湿地管理提供见解.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一个决策树样本迁移方法,利用欧几里德距离和陆地地表水指数.
  • 使用Landsat 5/7/8数据集和随机森林分类方法生成年度湿地地图.
  • 获得了平均样本迁移率为89.21%,整体准确率为95.49%.

主要成果:

  • 1986年至2022年间,沼泽面积减少了12.98% (2031平方公里),而水面积增加了31.24% (710平方公里).
  • 沼泽的显著下降 (10.96%) 主要转化为草原 (86%) 和不透气的表面 (10%).
  • 显著的水膨胀 (6.69%) 主要来自不透水的表面 (82%) 和沼泽 (12%).

结论:

  • 牧场活动是沼泽退化的一个更重要的驱动因素,而不是气候变化在YRS.
  • 在YRS中的水膨胀与最近气温上升有关.
  • 开发的样本迁移方法对长期湿地绘制有效,支持有针对性的保护工作.