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近视与眼睛疾病在基于人口的研究中的积极和消极关联
Jost B Jonas1, Mukharram M Bikbov2, Gyulli M Kazakbaeva3
1Institut Français de Myopie, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ophthalmology
|July 6, 2024
概括
近视与较低的糖尿病视网膜病变率,与年龄相关的黄斑变性和闭角玻璃眼有关. 然而,高近视会增加开角玻璃眼的风险.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 近视的患病率和相关的视力障碍在全球范围内正在上升.
- 了解近视与其他眼部疾病的关系对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查近视,使用轴长作为代用,以及其他主要眼部疾病的患病率之间的联系.
- 评估近视和糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR),与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD),闭角玻璃眼 (ACG) 和开角玻璃眼 (OAG) 之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 来自俄罗斯 (乌拉尔眼睛和医学研究),中国 (北京眼睛研究) 和印度 (中印度眼睛和医学研究) 的基于人口的研究分析.
- 包括来自不同农村和城市环境的30岁以上和40岁以上的参与者.
- 眼科检查以测量轴长,并评估DR,AMD,ACG和OAG的流行率和发病率.
主要成果:
- 较长的轴长度 (近视) 与DR,AMD和ACG在研究中的流行率降低有关.
- 观察到OAG的患病率和发病率增加,轴长度较长,特别是在高度近视的个体中.
- 近视和OAG之间的关联是非线性的,在高度近视者中,患病率的增加更为急剧.
结论:
- 近视与糖尿病视网膜病变,与年龄相关的黄斑变性和闭角玻璃眼的风险降低有关.
- 高近视显著增加了开放角眼的风险,无论是在流行率和发病率.
- 需要进一步的研究来衡量近视的益处与风险,这些风险涉及各种眼部疾病.
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