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相关概念视频

From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Overview
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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
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Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
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在遗传信息中的圆形切割代码.

Elena Fimmel1, Christian J Michel2, Lutz Strüngmann1

  • 1Institute of Mathematical Biology, Faculty for Computer Sciences, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.

Bio Systems
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究揭示了基因结构中的令人惊的二核酸循环代码. 这些在特定的编码位点发现的代码,为遗传信息和三核酸代码的演变提供了洞察力.

关键词:
循环混合码 循环混合码 循环混合码双核酸圆形代码的代码图形的属性 图形的属性三核酸圆形代码的三核酸

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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
  • 分子进化分子进化

背景情况:

  • 之前的研究已经在细菌和真核生物基因中确定了最大的C3自我补充的三核酸循环代码 (X).
  • 了解代码位点内的二核酸发生情况对于破译遗传代码属性至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了分析三个编码子位点 (1-2,2-3,1-3) 的二核酸发生情况.
  • 为了识别和描述这些二核酸模式中的圆形代码.
  • 为了探索二核酸和三核酸代码之间的进化关系.

主要方法:

  • 来自细菌,古生物和真核生物的大型基因组的编码子使用计算.
  • 应用一种以前用于识别三核酸循环代码的方法.
  • 在特定的编码子位置 (1-2,2-3,1-3) 进行二核酸发生的分析.

主要成果:

  • 在编码位1-2和2-3发现了两个不同的二核酸圆形代码,它们是彼此的转移版本.
  • 在编码位1-3中识别一个圆形的,自我补充的二核酸代码,该代码来自三核酸代码X的投射.
  • 证明三核酸代码循环性和自我补充性是由底层的二核酸代码诱导的.

结论:

  • 这些发现揭示了基因结构中的新型二核酸循环代码.
  • 这些二核酸代码似乎对三核酸代码的特性至关重要.
  • 这项研究提出了三核酸代码从二核酸代码出现的进化途径.