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在一项大型纵向研究中,ADHD症状的不同发育轨迹的晚期青少年结果

Lara Carter¹, Lydia Speyer^1,2, Arthur Caye³

¹Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.

European child & adolescent psychiatry

|July 6, 2024

概括

青春期注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 症状轨迹显示出不同的结果. 晚期发作的ADHD轨迹与严重的障碍有关,类似于持续的ADHD,挑战了轻度亚型的概念.

科学领域:

发展心理学发展心理学
心理病理学心理病理学
儿童和青少年精神病学儿童和青少年精神病学

背景情况:

注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 呈现出多样化的发育路径,包括持久性,转移性,早期发病和晚期发病的轨迹.
了解与这些独特的ADHD轨迹相关的长期功能结果对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
以前的研究主要集中在多动症到青春期早期的发展轨迹上,使得青春期晚期的功能不太了解.

研究的目的:

在英国的大型队列中调查3岁至17岁的ADHD症状的发育轨迹.
为了确定在17岁之前发现的ADHD轨迹是否与以前在14岁之前发现的轨迹一致.
检查ADHD症状轨迹与17岁时同行受害,心理健康,物质使用和犯罪等功能障碍之间的关联.

主要方法:

隐藏类增长分析应用于来自英国千年队列研究 (N=10,262) 的纵向数据.
从3岁到17岁,对ADHD症状轨迹进行了建模.
17岁时的结果包括同龄人受害,心理健康状况,物质使用和犯罪.

主要成果:

确定了五个不同的ADHD症状轨迹组:未受影响,轻度影响,亚临床缓解,青少年发作和稳定的高.
青少年发病和稳定的高ADHD轨迹与大多数结果的可比程度的损伤有关,除了物质使用.
与未受影响的同龄人相比,患有亚临床缓解轨迹的个人表现出自尊和幸福感受损;晚期出现的ADHD轨迹在青春期中期表现出与持续的早期发病轨迹相似的损伤.

结论:

青春期晚期发作的ADHD轨迹与显著的功能障碍有关,与持续的早期发作的ADHD相似.
这些发现挑战了以后出现的ADHD代表了较温和的亚型的假设,强调了需要持续监测和支持的需要.
剩余的障碍可能会持续,即使是那些在青春期出现ADHD症状的个体.

关键词:

青少年结局的结果注意力缺陷/多动症障碍注意力缺陷/多动症在 Onset 设置上.坚持不坚持不减免减免减免轨迹轨迹的轨迹.

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