在COVID-19的背景下测量和增加自我隔离率:一个系统的审查与叙事综合
L E Smith1, A F Martin2, S K Brooks2
1King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom; UK Health Security Agency, Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, United Kingdom.
Public health
|July 7, 2024
概括
在COVID-19期间自我隔离的定义和措施不一致,导致结果有偏见. 坚持率差异很大,只有很少的相关因素被确定,这凸显了对标准化定义和支持的需求.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,需要采取广泛的自我隔离措施.
- 了解遵守自我隔离对于有效的疾病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间系统地审查定义,措施,遵守率和自我隔离的相关因素.
- 确定自我隔离研究中的不一致性,并为未来的研究提供建议.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查.
- 从2020年1月到2022年12月搜索了多个数据库 (MEDLINE,PsycINFO,Embase,Web of Science) 和灰色文献.
- 包括45项研究,包含原始的,关于自我隔离坚持的定量数据.
主要成果:
- 在各个研究中,自我隔离的定义是不一致的.
- 在大多数自我报告研究中,对遵守的测量缺乏可靠性和有效性证据.
- 坚持率差异很大:病例为51%-86%,接触者为78%-94%,有症状的人为16%.
- 社会人口统计学和心理因素与坚持几乎没有关联.
结论:
- 在定义和衡量自我隔离方面缺乏共识引入了显著的偏见.
- 需要标准化的定义来指定行为和持续时间.
- 建议支持个人和公共卫生活动,促进感知有效性和准确信息.
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