关于非传染性疾病的培训计划的开发和评估,以赋予印度农村社区卫生工作者的权力
Sojib Bin Zaman1,2, Rajkumari Singh3, Roger G Evans4,5
1Department of Health Sciences, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA.
这项研究对认可的社会卫生活动家 (ASHAs) 进行了关于非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的培训. 该培训显著提高了ASHA在检测非传染性疾病方面的知识和技能,提高了社区健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗卫生工作人员发展发展
- 非传染性疾病 (NCDs) 管理
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 构成了全球重大健康挑战,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 认可的社会卫生活动家 (ASHAs) 是印度重要的社区卫生工作者 (CHW),在初级医疗保健提供中发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 有效的培训计划是必不可少的,以赋予ASHA所需的知识和技能,以应对不断增长的非传染性疾病负担.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个针对ASHA的培训计划,重点是预防和检测非传染性疾病.
- 评估培训对ASHAs在管理非传染性疾病方面的知识和实践技能的影响.
- 探索这种培训模式在LMIC中促进NCD管理方面的创新和合作的潜力.
主要方法:
- 一个为期5天的培训计划是使用政府批准的ASHA手册来设计的.
- 在Tehri-Garhwal地区进行了一项随机对照试验 (RCT),以评估培训的有效性.
- 使用学生的t测试和双向ANOVA分析了定量数据,其中包括测试前和测试后的知识分数以及自我报告的技能获取.
主要成果:
- 36名ASHA参与了这项研究,其中20名在干预组,16名在对照组.
- 与对照组 (9.8 分) 相比,干预组的平均测试后知识得分 (48.5 分) 显著增加 (P < 0.0001).
- 干预组的ASHA报告说,他们在检测非传染性疾病方面提高了技能,这表明培训的实际应用得到了改进.
结论:
- 开发的培训计划有效地增加了ASHA对非传染性疾病的知识,并提高了他们检测这些疾病的能力.
- 这种新且可适应的培训方法,结合了交互元素,可以增强NCD预防的沟通能力.
- 该培训方法,结合开源资源,支持在资源有限的环境中进行NCD管理的创新和协作.
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