从数字媒体的角度来看,医疗保健中的生成人工智能:应用,机会和挑战
Rui Xu1, Zhong Wang1,2
1School of Economics, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Heliyon
|July 8, 2024
概括
生成型人工智能/大语言模型 (GenAI LLMs) 在医疗保健方面表现有前途,提供新的应用和机遇. 然而,准确性和隐私等挑战需要进一步的研究,以实现安全有效的集成.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 生成型人工智能/大语言模型 (GenAI LLMs) 是新兴技术,具有影响医疗保健行业的巨大潜力.
- 目前缺乏基于可靠数据的系统研究,关于GenAI LLMs在医疗保健中的应用.
- 本研究通过在线新闻的透视来探索GenAI LLMs,特别是ChatGPT在医疗保健中的使用.
研究的目的:
- 对GenAI LLM在医疗保健中的应用场景,潜在机会和挑战进行探索性研究.
- 从数字媒体,特别是在线新闻的角度分析GenAI LLMs的整合.
- 从各种利益相关者的角度分析GenAI LLM申请的框架.
主要方法:
- 采用主题定性文本分析方法.
- 利用自然语言处理 (NLP) 技术,包括TermRaider和AntConc,用于文本分析.
- 开发了一个框架,从五个利益相关方 (需求者和提供者) 的角度分析应用程序.
主要成果:
- 确定了GenAI LLM在医疗保健中的26个不同的应用,例如提供医疗咨询,诊断,分拣和心理健康支持.
- 总结了21个潜在的机会,包括增加医疗保健的可访问性,降低成本和改善患者护理.
- 记录了17个关键挑战,包括产生不准确的信息,隐私问题和缺乏透明度.
结论:
- 在医疗保健领域的GenAI LLM应用侧重于增强患者获取和优化提供者流程,旨在提供更智能,更方便和更高效的服务.
- 在医疗保健中广泛采用GenAI LLMs具有革命性的潜力,但也引发了重大的伦理和安全问题.
- 需要进一步的实证和临床研究,潜在地关注心理健康或经济机制等特定领域,以加快GenAI LLM在医疗保健中的开发和安全应用.
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