对大米和玉米产量的气溶和气候变异性的脆弱性评估,使用印度可持续农业的EO数据集对印度的可持续农业进行评估
Dileep Kumar Gupta1, Subhajit Pramanick1, Abhay Kumar Singh2
1Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|July 8, 2024
概括
气溶污染和天气变化大大降低了印度的水和玉米产量. 尽管农业取得了进展,但这些环境因素对作物生产和粮食安全构成威胁.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 大气科学 大气科学
背景情况:
- 人类产生的气溶污染改变了大气条件,影响了天气模式和作物产量.
- 以前的研究表明,大气变化与农业生产力之间存在联系,但对印度主要作物的具体影响需要详细分析.
研究的目的:
- 评估天气变化和人为气溶污染对1998年至2019年印度大米和玉米作物产量的影响.
- 量化归因于气象变量和气溶光学深度 (AOD) 变化的产量损失.
主要方法:
- 对印度 (1998-2019) 的气象数据 (TMAX,TMIN,降雨量,相对湿度),土壤湿度,吸收光合作用活性辐射 (FAPAR) 分数,气溶光学深度 (AOD) 和作物产量 (大米和玉米) 的时间序列分析.
- 统计分析以确定环境变量与作物产量波动之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 观察到的最高温度,最低温度,降雨量,相对湿度和AOD的上升趋势,而土壤水分和FAPAR显示下降趋势.
- 天气变化导致大米产量下降2.55%至4.84%,玉米产量下降5.12%至6.93%.
- 由于气溶污染增加,大米和玉米的产量分别下降了7.9%和8.8%.
- 尽管有负面影响,但由于农业的进步,大米和玉米的产量呈现出分别为0.888和0.561万/年的增长趋势.
结论:
- 天气变化和气溶污染大大降低了印度大米和玉米的农业生产率.
- 先进的农业技术可以减轻一些产量损失,但长期战略对于解决空气污染对粮食安全的影响至关重要.
- 持续监测和减轻气溶污染对于印度的可持续农业和粮食安全至关重要.
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