全基因基因出生死亡动态与白虫的饮食宽度变化有关
Hanna Dort1, Wouter van der Bijl2, Niklas Wahlberg3
1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Genome biology and evolution
|July 8, 2024
概括
类 (蝶和) 的基因家族进化揭示了饮食宽度与排毒和消化基因之间的联系. 在蝶进化过程中,基因出生死亡动态的变化,包括费洛蒙受体,也发生了.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子进化分子进化
背景情况:
- 基因出生死亡动态对于理解进化适应至关重要.
- 以前的研究往往侧重于特定的基因子集,可能错过了更广泛的进化趋势.
- 比较基因组学提供了一种强大的方法来研究跨物种的基因家族进化.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与养策略相关的Lepidoptera (蝶和蝶) 的基因出生死亡动态.
- 调查基因家族扩张和收缩与饮食范围相关的进化意义.
- 为了发现在蝶冠节点经历了显著进化转变的基因家族.
主要方法:
- 对30种白类动物的全基因组分析.
- 在所有分析的基因组中均的蛋白质注释.
- 遗传学纠正,以解释进化关系.
- 对所有基因家族对出生死亡动态的公正评估.
主要成果:
- 在基因家族的大小 (例如,抗农药,排毒,蛋白质消化) 和饮食范围之间发现了显著的相关性.
- 确定了22个基因家族,在蝶冠节点的出生-死亡动态中发生了显著的转变.
- 观察到费洛蒙受体基因家族的收缩,可能与视觉伴侣识别的转变有关.
结论:
- 统一的注释和遗传学修正对于强大的基因家族分析至关重要.
- 基因家族动态,特别是与排毒和消化相关的基因家族动态,与Lepidoptera的食策略密切相关.
- 基因家族的进化转变,如费洛蒙受体,可以伴随着主要的生态或行为转变.
相关概念视频
01:09Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
58.3K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
58.3K
00:51Energy Budgets
9.2K
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species, like annual plants, have only one reproductive episode in their lifetimes and consequently have short lifespans. Iteroparous species, by contrast, have many reproductive events during their lifetimes but have relatively few offspring. These two...
9.2K
03:33Genetic Drift
39.7K
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.
39.7K
02:32Position-effect Variegation
6.3K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.3K
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K
02:41Lethal Alleles
15.4K
Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
15.4K