创伤诱导的神经元的分化轨迹
Ryan E Hulett1, Carlos Rivera-López1,2, Andrew R Gehrke1
1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
概括
研究人员发现了核因子Y (NFY) 转录因子是如何启动脑子再生的,这在虫Hofstenia miamia. 在受伤后很早与DNA结合的NFY触发了神经细胞发育所需的基因的表达.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 在动物中,全身再生可以使复杂的器官,包括大脑,重新形成.
- 了解在受伤后启动神经再生的分子机制,对于推进再生医学至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究早期的转录事件,触发神经再生在高度再生的 acoel 虫, Hofstenia miamia.
- 识别关键的转录因子和参与创伤诱导的大脑形成的祖先细胞.
主要方法:
- 在染色体尺度基因组组合上进行染色体可访问性足迹分析.
- 单细胞转录组分析.
- 在 Hofstenia miamia. 的功能研究.
主要成果:
- 核因子Y (NFY) 转录因子结合部位在截肢后一小时内在再生尾部碎片中被动态上调.
- 对于与神经元功能相关的基因,NFY目标被显著丰富.
- 确定了SoxC干细胞作为神经亚型的潜在祖先群体.
- 伤口诱导的SoxC表达似乎由NFY直接调节.
结论:
- NFY作为一个早期的伤口诱导的转录调节器,启动神经分化通路.
- 这项研究揭示了一种启动大脑再生的机制,涉及 Hofstenia miamia 的 NFY 和 SoxC 干细胞.
相关概念视频
01:15Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
755
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
755
01:51Determination
18.4K
During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
18.4K