在西班牙COVID-19疫情期间,职业技能所有原因和特定原因死亡率的变化
Damián González-Beltrán1, Marta Donat2, Julieta Politi2
1National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain damianglezbel@gmail.com.
Journal of epidemiology and community health
|July 8, 2024
概括
西班牙的COVID-19大流行病死亡率不成比例地影响了低技能工人,与中高技能人群相比,他们面临更高的过度全因死亡率. 这一趋势在流行病期间的不同死亡原因和时间段中各不相同.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 关于COVID-19大流行如何在不同职业中对死亡率产生不同影响的数据有限.
- 了解这些差异对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在西班牙的不同职业技能水平上,分析COVID-19大流行期间 (2020-2021) 与疫情前时期 (2017-2019) 相比,死亡率的变化.
主要方法:
- 使用年龄标准化死亡率和波桑回归来计算死亡率比率 (MRR).
- 将2020-2021年的死亡数据与2017-2019年的死亡数据进行比较,根据职业技能水平进行分析.
- 来自西班牙国家统计局和劳动力调查的数据.
主要成果:
- 在2020-2021年期间,低技能工人表现出高于中等 (1.14) 和高技能工人 (1.04) 的所有原因过度死亡率 (MRR 1.18) 较高.
- 低技能工人患心血管疾病的MRR最高 (1.31),而高技能工人患外因的MRR最高 (1.08).
- 2020年低技能工人和2021年中等技能工人的过度死亡率最高.
结论:
- 与其他职业群体相比,西班牙的低技能工人在COVID-19流行期间经历了明显更高的全因死亡率.
- 死亡率模式因死亡原因和流行病中的特定时期而异.
- 调查结果强调了与流行病相关的死亡率的职业差异.
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