在全新纪期间,植物的多样性及其与人类土地使用的关系在区域上有所不同
Jonathan D Gordon1,2,3, Brennen Fagan4,5, Nicky Milner4,6
1Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity, University of York, York, UK. jonny.gordon@york.ac.uk.
Nature ecology & evolution
|July 8, 2024
概括
数千年来,人类活动对全球生物多样性产生了影响,导致最初的多样性下降,后来增加,在8000多年的时间里产生了不同的区域影响.
科学领域:
- 古生态学 古生态学
- 环境历史 环境历史
- 生物多样性科学 生物多样性科学
背景情况:
- 由于人类活动,全球生态系统和多样性变化正在加速.
- 生物多样性的长期趋势和人类的影响尚未完全理解.
- 全新世时代为分析这些变化提供了关键的时间框架.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析长期的植物多样性在全新世纪的变化.
- 调查人类影响与生物多样性转变之间的关联.
- 了解人类与生物多样性关系的区域差异.
主要方法:
- 从1763个花粉记录中分析了64,305个花粉样本.
- 模拟生物多样性变化使用人类造成的土地覆盖变化估计在过去的8000年.
- 对各大洲,生物群和地点的多样性趋势进行比较.
主要成果:
- 大量的社区流动和多样性减少发生在早期的全新纪 (第一个1500-4000年).
- 营业额和多样性通常从6,000-1,000年前增加,全球时间和规模各不相同.
- 生物多样性的变化与人类的影响有关,观察到积极和消极的区域反应.
- 森林地区经常显示生物多样性增加,而开放区域倾向于下降.
结论:
- 人类与生物多样性的关系已经是复杂的,并且在8000多年来一直是特定区域的.
- 人类造成的土地覆盖的变化在整个全新纪期间显著影响了植物多样性的趋势.
- 了解这些历史关系对于当代的保护工作至关重要.
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