疹疫苗接种和痴呆症的新诊断:澳大利亚的一项准随机研究
Michael Pomirchy1, Christian Bommer1, Fabienne Pradella1,2,3
1Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|July 9, 2024
概括
接种疹疫苗可以降低痴呆症的风险. 一项使用澳大利亚健康记录的研究发现,基于出生日期的HZ疫苗接种资格,在7.4年内,痴呆症诊断概率下降了2.0个百分点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 神经型疹病毒越来越多地通过神经炎症与痴呆症的发展有关.
- 以前的相关研究和先前的分析表明,疹疫苗接种可能会降低痴呆症的风险.
- 这项研究是首次使用准随机设计来研究HZ疫苗对澳大利亚痴呆症的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定HZ疫苗接种对痴呆发病率的因果关系.
- 为了利用澳大利亚由HZ疫苗接种资格标准创建的自然实验.
- 使用回归不连续性方法分析大型电子健康记录数据集.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自101219名澳大利亚患者的电子健康记录,其中包括出生周信息.
- 采用基于HZ疫苗接种资格日期 (2016年11月1日) 的回归不连续性设计.
- 对于刚刚出生于资格门之前和刚刚出生于资格门之后的个人,在其他特征上相似的结果进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 符合HZ疫苗接种资格显著增加了疫苗接种率15.7个百分点.
- 在7.4年内,HZ疫苗接种资格将新痴呆症诊断的概率降低了2.0个百分点 (p=0.021).
- 疫苗接种资格没有影响其他预防服务或其他慢性疾病的诊断.
结论:
- 准随机设计提供了强有力的证据,证明HZ疫苗接种与降低痴呆风险之间存在因果关系.
- 热带疫苗接种是预防痴呆症的潜在公共卫生干预措施.
- 进一步的研究应该探讨HZ疫苗接种对痴呆症的保护作用背后的机制.
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